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Effects of lime (Citrus aurantifolia) peel to the expression of mRNA toll-like receptors 4 in balb/c mice-infected Salmonella typhi
Vivien Novarina Kasim1, Mochammad Hatta2, Rosdiana Natzir3, Veni Hadju4, Ami Febriza5, Hasta Handayani Idrus6
1 Faculty of Medicine, State University of Gorontalo, Gorontalo, Indonesia
2 Department of Microbiology, Molecular Biology and Immunology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
3 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
4 Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
5 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Muhammadiyah University Makassar, Makassar, Indonesia
6 Department of Microbiology, Indonesian Muslim University, Makassar, Indonesia
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Vivien Novarina Kasim
Jalan Sudirman No. 6, Dulalowo, Central City, Gorontalo 96128
Indonesia
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/japtr.JAPTR_48_20
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Lime peel contains metabolic compounds that have lethal effects of bacterial cells, but its effect as an antibacterial modulate innate immunity pathways, especially toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) signaling pathway, is unclear. This study examined the effects of lime peel extract (LPE) on the activity of TLR 4 in Balb/c mice induced by Salmonella typhi. Mice were induced intraperitoneally and then 3 days after induction, LPE was given orally on two doses (510 and 750 mg/kg BW). The number of bacterial colonization was counted using peritoneal fluid samples by the method of plate count agar. Intervention LPE for 5 days can degrade TLR-4 and the number of colonies of S. typhi. On day 3 after was induced S. typhi, TLR-4 gene expression of Balb/c mice is increased. Postintervention LPE for 5 days, the expression of TLR-4 gene decreased, significantly different at a dose of 750 mg/kg BW (P = 0.04). There was a positive correlation between the expression of TLR-4 gene by the number of bacterial colonization, decreasing gene expression of TLR-4, the number of bacterial colonization is also getting smaller (P= 0.013, r = 0.408). LPE can modulate the TLR-4 signaling pathway in host immunity so that the gene TLR-4 is expressed fewer in numbers. This mechanism causes the bacterial colony number to decrease, not even growth.
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